Editing

What is meant by transition of image and sound?


Image: An image transition is when two separate shots are joined together. The most common transitions used are cut, crossfade and wipe. A cut transition changes instantly from shot to shot. A crossfade transition merges the two shots together as it changes, some call this a fade. A wipe transition progressively replaces the first shot with the second shot.

Sound: A sound transition is similar to that of an image transition, as it is when two separate sounds are joined together. These are usually used in trailers and cutscenes. Like the image transition the most common sound transitions are cut and crossfade. A cut sound transition changes instantly from one sound to the other, whilst a crossfade sound transition merges the two sounds together as the change them i.e the second sound fades in, whilst the first sound fades out.

Why is editing so important?


In the film industry editing is very important and is one of the most important jobs.  By editing you can assure all the clips fit together, the way the actors look fits in with previous scene and the scene to follow, and if the continuity fits. Despite editing taking a long time, it is very important in making a movie look better.

Editing cuts:


Shot/Reverse Shot: This is when one character is shown looking at another character (who is usually off screen) and then the second character is shown looking back at the first character.



At 3:53-4 a shot/reverse shot is used here to show how two characters are engaged in conversation, this gives us a better look at the character's facial expressions as each take up a shot rather than share a shot.

Eyeline Match: This is when a character is looking into an off-screen space, so the camera must cut to show what they are looking at i.e an object, landscape or another character.



At 0:44 an eyeline match is used. We know this because we saw one character looking of the screen at something we couldn't see then cut to the subject he was looking at.

Graphic Match: This is where you want the focus of the next shot to be in a similar place as the focus of the previous shot. This makes will allow a smooth transition from one shot to another.

Action Match: This is when you match the action, movement, or motion of the subject in one shot to the action in another shot so that the action can continue or be completed.



At 0:39 an action shot is used. This shows the continuation and end of the action the character is making thus, creating a fluid action for the audience to follow.

Jump Cut: This is when two shots of the same subject are taken from two different positions that only slightly vary. This allows the subject to appear to have 'jumped' position in a disjointed way.

Cross-cutting/Parallel Editing:: In a cross cut the action will cut from one action to another to show the simultaneity between the two actions.



At 1:05-08 cross-cutting editing is used here as it shows a character beating up another character. This works here because the audience get a full effect of what is going on in this action and it makes the action seem very violent and painful.

Cutaway: A cutaway is the interruption of a continuous shot but showing a shot of something completely different. This is usually followed by another cut of the previous shot.



At 1:08-10 A cutaway editing is used as it shows a shot of one character beating up another, then a shot of two people running, then back to the previous shot. From this the audience get a sense that the two characters running are to get to the scene unfolding at the first shot without having to see them running the the same shot.

Insert: This is the method of inserting a new shot over an old shot with a clean beginning and end. You can do this whilst still keeping the existing audio.